Development and Automation of a Photovoltaic-Powered Soil Moisture Sensor for Water Management
نویسندگان
چکیده
The objective of this study was to develop and calibrate a photovoltaic-powered soil moisture sensor (SMS) for irrigation management. Soil readings obtained from the were compared with gravimetric measurements. An automated SMS used in two trials: (i) okra crop (Abelmoschus esculentus) (ii) chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens). All sensors calibrated using an Arduino Mega board C++. data subjected descriptive statistical analysis. recorded by equipment correlated method. determination coefficient (R2), Pearson correlation (r), root mean square error (RMSE) adopted as criteria validation. results show that our achieved R2 value 0.70 r 0.84. Notably, there striking similarity observed between data, RMSE values 3.95 4.01, respectively. global model developed exhibited highly efficient outcomes (0.98) (0.99) values. applicability facilitates management accuracy real-time monitoring digital data. automation emerges precise alternative performing at right moment correct amount, thus avoiding water losses.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Hydrology
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['2330-7609', '2330-7617']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology10080166